Space can be a wondrous place, and we’ve got the pictures to prove it! Take a look at our favorite pictures from space here, and if you’re wondering what happened today in space history don’t miss our On This Day in Space video show here!
Hubble may have found a rare medium-sized black hole
Tuesday, May 23, 2023: The Hubble Space Telescope may have found a rare medium-sized black hole. Although scientists are not sure yet.
The black hole may be lurking at the heart of a globular cluster in our Milky Way Galaxy some 6,000 light-years away from Earth.
Most known black holes are either quite small, the so-called stellar black holes, most of which are only a few times as massive as our sun, or extremely large. The latter category are the supermassive black holes at the center of most galaxies. These cosmic monsters have masses equivalent to millions or billions of solar masses.
A stellar black hole is born when a massive star collapses at the end of its life. By gradually devouring matter and by merging with other black holes, the black hole grows. At least in theory. The problem is that until now, scientists have not seen many medium-sized black holes, which should represent the natural step in the evolution of black holes from stellar to supermassive.
The new suspected black hole, which appears to reside in the globular cluster Messier 4, may have a mass of about 800 masses, according to the European Space Agency. Although the Hubble Space Telescope can’t see the black hole directly, the motion of stars inside the cluster tells astronomers that some invisible heavy object must be present. – Tereza Pultarova
Shaun the Sheep to the moon and baa-ck on Baa-Temis I
Monday, May 22, 2023: An image taken at the Mission Evaluation Room of the European Space Agency (ESA) technical center ESTEC in Noordwijk, the Netherlands shows it receiving a very distinguished visitor, Shaun the Sheep.
The first lunar “lamb-bassador” of Europe, and probably of anywhere else, was at the ESA center on Thursday, May 19, to check up on the Orion spacecraft. The sheep and the spacecraft have a special bond, as it was Orion that carried Shaun to space as part of the Artemis I mission.
During his visit, the wooliest astronaut ever to journey to space met with engineers who had monitored Orion during its 25-day mission to the moon and back. The unmanned but not unsheeped Artemis I mission carried Shaun to within around 80 miles (130 kilometers) of the lunar surface as it gained a gravity boost taking him 267,000 miles (430,000 km) from Earth, farther than any sheep (or human) has traveled before.
Traveling back to Earth, Shaun and Orion sped through the atmosphere at a wool-raising speed 24 times faster than a bullet from the Farmer’s rifle.
After inspecting banks of computers and huge screens, the VIS (Very Important Sheep), returned to his home at Mossy Bottom Farm.
Space.com has it on good authority that despite kicking up his hooves, the sheep is ready at a moment’s notice to step back in the breech and return to space… Even if it is just to get away from the Naughty Pigs. ESA is not considering Shaun’s request to rename the Artemis mission, Baa-Temis, however. — Rob Lea
Rocket, meet rocket
Friday, May 19, 2023: A stunning image shows the moment that a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket blasted off from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, lighting up the early morning sky. It launched within view of a second Falcon 9 rocket, visible in front.
The space-bound SpaceX rocket lifted off today (May 19) at 02:19 EDT (0619 GMT), carrying a payload of carrying 22 second-generation Starlink satellites to orbit. After dropping off the upper stage and the units, known as “V2 minis,” the first stage of the Falcon 9 returned to Earth with the duration between lift-off and landing just eight and a half minutes.
The upper stage of the rocket, meanwhile, continued into space with the payload of 22 satellites jettisoning them around 65 minutes after the launch. They join the over 4,400 Starlink broadband satellites in a low-Earth orbit.
Despite their name, the V2 minis are still larger than the first generation of satellites that makes up the majority of the Starlink constellation. The “mini” in their name refers to the fact that they are smaller than the full-size Starlink V2 satellites, which will be launched by SpaceX’s huge Starship rocket.
The launch on Friday morning marked 30 flights for the Falcon 9 this year and 32 orbital missions for SpaceX as a whole. — Rob Lea
Smoldering spiral galaxy
Thursday, May 18, 2023: A smoky-looking spiral galaxy glows in the dark in a fresh image captured with the Víctor M. Blanco 4-meter Telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) in Chile. NGC 1808, shown in this image with the Dark Energy Camera, is a barred spiral situated in the constellation Columba.
“The core of NGC 1808 is thought to house a supermassive black hole, characterized by its accretion of material and higher-than-normal brightness,” officials with the National Science Foundation’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab) wrote in a statement. “The smoldering center is closely surrounded by a faint blue ring populated with star clusters and supernova remnants.”
Numerous young stars litter the region, which may be due to close encounters with another nearby galaxy, NGC 1792. The resulting ripples of gravity would compress gas clouds, potentially leading to the formation of stellar nurseries. — Elizabeth Howell
Baghdad’s shiny lights evoke the Islamic Golden Age
May 17, 2023: An astronaut from the United Arab Emirates paid tribute to the fame of Baghdad. From the International Space Station, Sultan Al Neyadi showed off the Iraqi capital in a photo on Twitter, released earlier today.
“Here is the beautiful and historical city of #Baghdad, the cornerstone of the Golden Age of knowledge,” Al Neyadi said. “Scholars from this great city sparked the flames of discovery, setting the course for modern science. Their legacy reminds us to keep reaching for the stars.”
Al Neyadi is referring to what some scholars call the Islamic Golden Age, referring to how scholars in the region spread scientific knowledge through trade routes and other connections. Greek, Roman and other ancient knowledge was diffused widely, especially after the Emperor Justinian closed pagan academies in Athens in 529, according to Britannica. Islamic scholars were among the people translating and copying Greek texts, allowing this information to be preserved. — Elizabeth Howell
Galactic mushrooms search for gravitational waves
Tuesday, May 16, 2023: Are these galactic mushrooms? In fact, they’re gravitational wave-hunting telescopes. The European Southern Observatory activated a new set of three telescopes, called BlackGEM. The trio, situated at La Silla Observatory in Chile, will search for gravitational waves.
Gravitational waves are indications of huge events, like black holes or neutron stars merging and colliding. “With BlackGEM, we aim to scale up the study of cosmic events with both gravitational waves and visible light,” principal investigator Paul Groot of Radboud University, in the Netherlands said in a statement. “The combination of the two tells us much more about these events than just one or the other.”
Using both gravitational waves and visible light will make it easier to locate the source of these huge cosmic events, and to look for heavy elements such as gold and platinum, ESO officials added. — Elizabeth Howell
Stratolaunch drops Talon-0 hypersonic prototype
Monday, May 15, 2023: Stratolaunch’s first Talon-0 hypersonic vehicle prototype drops free of its Roc carrier plane for the first time in this stunning photo captured by the company’s photographer Ethan Wagner during a test on May 13. The moment marked the first time Stratolaunch has ever conducted a drop test from its massive Roc carrier plane, which is the largest aircraft in the world. The test was conducted off of California’s central coast in the Western Range overseen by the U.S. Space Force’s Vandenberg Space Force Base. – Tariq Malik
Volcanic plume showcases Earth observation acuity
Friday, May 12, 2023: This dramatic volcanic image from 2021 was highlighted today (May 12) by the European Space Agency as an example of how Earth observation can keep populations safe in case of natural disaster.
Here a volcanic plume erupts from the Japanese island of Nishinoshima, in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The image was captured by the powerful Copernicus Sentinel-2 satellite. The island continues to grow as lava and ash accrue, as Nishinoshima has been periodically erupting and contributing to growth since at least 1974.
“The yellowish discolouration of the water around the island is due to volcanic minerals, gas and seafloor sediment that is being stirred up by the volcanic activity. It stretches for about 10 km (6 miles) to the southeast, where ocean currents turn it into bright green swirls,” ESA officials wrote.
Satellite data can track the movement of the volcanic plumes, to adjust aircraft paths to reduce corrosion of jet engines or contamination of oxygen. Gases and aerosols can also drift over large, populated areas, so satellite predictions assist with reducing hazards to humans when air quality plummets. — Elizabeth Howell
Chinese space station has a cargo shipment on its way
Thursday, May 10, 2023: A Long March 7 rocket with the robotic Tianzhou 6 cargo ship lifted off from Wenchang Satellite Launch Center on Hainan island Wednesday (May 10) at 9:22 a.m. EDT (1322 GMT; 9:22 p.m. local time on Hainan).
Tianzhou 6 is on its way to the Tiangong space station, which China finished assembling in low Earth orbit in 2022. The launch “successfully sent the spacecraft into the predetermined orbit,” according to an update from the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (Google provided the translation to English.)
Tianzhou 6 includes clothes, drinking water and food for Tiangong’s current crew, who are the three astronauts of the Shenzhou 15 mission and future Shenzhou 16 astronauts, according to the state-run Chinese broadcaster CCTV. — Elizabeth Howell
Powerful jet of starstuff blasts into space
May 10, 2023: A stellar nursery shot out a large jet of material into space. The object, known as 244-440, resides in the Orion Nebula and is roughly 1,350 light-years from Earth.
The powerful emanation appears to be S-shaped and was captured by the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument on the European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) Very Large Telescope (VLT) in northern Chile.
The strange curve in the jet may be due to one star orbiting another star, according to an ESO statement. “The S-shaped jet of 244-440 suggests that what lurks at the center of this object isn’t one but two stars orbiting each other,” officials wrote. “This orbital motion periodically changes the orientation of the jet, similar to a water sprinkler.” — Elizabeth Howell
NASA’s Super Guppy ships orbital hardware to Axiom Space
Tuesday, May 9, 2023: NASA’s Super Guppy aircraft lifts off from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on April 25, carrying a Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) on board. MPLM was used during the space shuttle program to send cargo to and from the International Space Station (ISS), and was carried up into space periodically within the shuttle’s payload bay.
The MPLM on board Guppy is now being used by Houston-based Axiom Space, which is aiming to build a set of modules on the ISS that will eventually detach into a free-flying space station. Axiom has already sent up one private mission of its own, Ax-1, and aims to bring its second (Ax-2) into space no earlier than May 21.
Three MPLMs were built by Thales Alenia Space Italia (TASI) for the Italian Space Agency. Two of those modules, Leonardo and Raffaello, flew to space; it is Raffaello that Axiom plans to repurpose. Leonardo is in space permanently now after conversion into an ISS storage module. In 2017, Lockheed Martin announced it will refurbish the Donatello module into a test and training module for astronauts aiming to do deep-space missions. — Elizabeth Howell
Hubble spots a galaxy with ripples of space-time
Monday, May 8, 2023: The Hubble Space Telescope captured a stunning set of galaxies from afar, known as a galaxy cluster. The cluster is called eMACS J1823.1+7822 and is about nine billion light-years from Earth in the constellation Draco.
Hubble turned its optics to this region to learn more about gravitational lensing. That phenomenon occurs when huge wells of gravity, like this galaxy cluster, bend light around them. The light creates distortions in the background and can sometimes bring other galaxies or stars into view that would otherwise be invisible.
Learning more about the nature of gravitational lensing may also shed light on dark matter, which is a substance that cannot be sensed with traditional telescopes. We know little about its nature or composition. Dark matter, however, makes up most of the universe and its effects are visible in regions of strong gravity. — Elizabeth Howell
Mars moon Deimos glows in the dark
Friday, May 5, 2023: A spacecraft near the Mars moon Deimos captured a fresh infrared view of the tiny natural satellite. The Hope Mars mission from the United Arab Emirates used its Emirates Mars InfraRed Spectrometer (EMIRS) to scan nearly all of the surface of Deimos, which is one of two small moons circling the Red Planet.
“These data reveal the surface temperature variation, describe the surface physical properties, and reveal the composition of Mars’ smallest moon,” mission officials wrote in a tweet thread, adding the observed temperatures show the surface “is not perfectly homogenous, but does likely have a fine-grained regolith and [centimeter]-scale roughness.”
Hope’s observations suggest that Deimos may have been formed after pieces of Mars were ejected from a large planetary impact, given that the moon appears to be of a basaltic composition similar to to the Red Planet. — Elizabeth Howell
Europe’s flagship weather satellite captures stunning full-color image of Earth
Thursday, May 4, 2023: A gorgeous new image of Earth was released by Europe’ s weather satellite agency, EUMETSAT, along with the European Space Agency (ESA).
The image, taken by one of Europe’s next-generation weather satellites, Meteosat Third Generation – Imager 1 (MTG-I1), reveals the European and African continents in stunning clarity and full true color.
As evidenced in the crystal clear detail of the image of Earth taken on March 18, 2023, MTG-I1 will enable forecasters to rapidly and accurately detect and predict severe weather events. “This remarkable image gives us great confidence in our expectation that the MTG system will herald a new era in the forecasting of severe weather events,” EUMETSAT Director-General Phil Evans said in a statement published May 4. — Brett Tingley
International Space Station gazes into the Eye of the Sahara
Wednesday, May 3, 2023: Cameras aboard the International Space Station (ISS) gazed down into the Eye of the Sahara, also known as the Richat Structure, on April 26, 2023.
The Richat Structure is a geological feature in Mauritania consisting of concentric rings of sedimentary rock left behind by a volcanic dome that formed and eroded far back in Earth’s history, exposing the ring-like layers of rock seen in the image taken by ISS.
In the foreground of the image, the Russian Nauka multipurpose laboratory and Prichal docking module can be seen, as can the Soyuz MS-23 crew capsule. MS-23 was sent to the orbital lab to replace another Soyuz that infamously sprang a violent leak, causing a brief shortage of “lifeboat” seats aboard the space station. — Brett Tingley
Galactic jellyfish dazzles amongst the stars
Tuesday, May 2, 2023: The stunning jellyfish galaxy, JO175, is awash with stars in this Hubble Space Telescope image released on May 1, 2023. The stellar scene is located over 650 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Telescopium.
Jellyfish galaxies get their name from the long tendrils of star-forming gas and dust that trail behind them, similar to the tendrils on a jellyfish.
The Hubble Space Telescope has recently completed an in-depth study into these strange jellyfish clusters in a bid to investigate the origins and fates of their stars. — Daisy Dobrijevic
SpaceX Falcon Heavy soars into the sky
Monday, May 1, 2023 — SpaceX sent its powerful Falcon Heavy rocket to space for the sixth time ever on Sunday (April 30), along with three satellites.
The Falcon Heavy blasted off from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida Sunday at 8:26 p.m. EDT (0026 GMT on Monday, May 1). The launch took place after several delays due to weather, along with a last-minute abort on April 28. (SpaceX has not stated the reason for the abort.)
The mission deployed the three satellites as planned about 4.5 hours after liftoff, SpaceX confirmed via Twitter early Monday morning. — Elizabeth Howell
