Major radio telescope ‘levels up’ to get unprecedented views of the early universe

The Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA), a powerful radio telescope in the French Alps, has leveled up to full capacity. On Sept. 30, the telescope, which comprises 12 antennas, was inaugurated and became the most powerful millimeter radio telescope in the Northern Hemisphere.  The telescope will make unprecedented observations of the cosmos, as it is capable of capturing light that has been traveling to Earth for 13 billion years, back to when the universe was around 600 million years old.  NOEMA also will study stars at all stages of their…

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Earth’s atmosphere could be turned into a giant dark-matter detector

Meteor-hunting methods could be adapted to hunt for dark matter, the mysterious substance that makes up around 85% of the universe’s matter but remains invisible, researchers propose in a new paper.  Dark matter doesn’t interact with electromagnetic radiation, meaning it doesn’t absorb or emit light like ordinary matter; the universe contains five times more dark matter than ordinary matter. Thus far, astronomers have not been able to directly observe dark matter; they can only infer its presence through its gravitational influence, which prevents galaxies from ripping apart as they spin.…

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Asteroid Ryugu was born out in the cold, in the solar system’s earliest days

The near-Earth asteroid Ryugu formed far from the sun, in the cold depths of the outer solar system, according to new analysis of samples returned from Ryugu by the Japanese Hayabusa2 mission. Hayabusa2 collected two samples of material from Ryugu‘s surface in 2019, then returned those samples to Earth in 2020. Early analysis indicated that the samples were the most pristine material ever seen in the solar system, incorporating dust older than the sun. Essentially, Ryugu has remained unchanged since it formed during the first 4 or 5 million years…

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NASA’s DART asteroid crash: What scientists have learned about Dimorphos so far

Smashing a spacecraft into an asteroid isn’t NASA’s usual approach to planetary science, but it was certainly an opportunity nonetheless. NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft slammed into a small asteroid called Dimorphos on Sept. 26 to test a potential technique to protect Earth, should we find ourselves on a collision course with a large space rock. But the impact has also given planetary scientists a close, albeit fleeting, view of the smallest asteroid any spacecraft has visited to date. “It’s been a thrill to see the data come…

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Climate change keeps space debris afloat longer

Changes in Earth’s atmosphere resulting from climate change are working against efforts to clean dangerous debris out of orbit around Earth. According to a new study by the British Antarctic Survey, increasing levels of carbon dioxide reduce the density of the upper atmosphere, meaning that objects orbiting close to Earth face less drag and stay afloat longer.  That may be good news for satellite operators, who have lately seen their satellites dropping down faster than ever because of worsening space weather. On the other hand, defunct satellites and space debris…

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